For England, we have GCSE exams at 16 (unlike having one certificate/diploma like everyone else)
where we memorise a bunch of texts and poems and write in a couple of 2 hour exams answering questions on the texts and poems without having access to said texts and poems in the exam hall.
Said exams at 16 are worth 100% of your GCSE grade. ( bearing in mind we start studying for them at 14, maybe even 13).
At least there’s coursework at A Levels